ST. PAUL, Minn. ā The 2025 session of the Minnesota Legislature could be headed for a rocky start when it convenes Tuesday, with House Democrats threatening to boycott opening day and House Republicans saying theyāll try to recall lawmakers who fail to show up.
The messy power struggle is unusual for a state that historically has prided itself on clean politics, but where Republicans chafed at being frozen out in 2023 and 2024, when Democrats controlled both chambers and DemocraticĀ Gov. Tim WalzĀ completed theĀ trifecta of power.
The HouseĀ came out of the November electionĀ tied 67-67, though, and top leaders from both parties worked out most of a power-sharing agreement that presumed a tie. ButĀ a judge late last month declared that a newly elected Democrat didnāt really live in his district. So the GOP has a 67-66 majority until a special election in two weeks. Itās in a heavily Democratic district, so the election likely will restore the tie.
House Republicans have declared that theyāll have an āorganizational majorityā on opening day and that they intend to use it to elect their leader, Lisa Demuth of Cold Spring, as speaker for two years, name the committee chairs, and pursue an agenda that includes preventing fraud in government programs. Theyāve also threatened to use their power to prevent the seating of another Democrat who won reelection by only 14 votes, Brad Tabke of Shakopee. A court ruling on thatĀ race, where 20 ballots went missing, remained pending Monday.
House Democrats, led by former speaker Melissa Hortman of Brooklyn Park, reject what theyāre calling a GOP power grab. Theyāre threatening not to show when the House convenes at noon on Tuesday, saying there wonāt be a quorum without them. They even held a secret swearing-in ceremony for their members Sunday night to make it harder for Republicans to deny anyone their seat.
Hortman said she planned to meet with Demuth on Monday evening to offer a compromise that would allow Republicans to elect Demuth as speaker and control the House until after the special election, when they would return to their previous power-sharing agreement. She said one condition would be that Republicans drop their threat to refuse to seat Tabke.
In an interview later Monday, Demuth didnāt reject a deal along those lines ā but didnāt say sheād accept it, either.
āI would absolutely be open to having a conversation with Representative Hortman,ā Demuth said. āThatās what we have done all along.ā
This would be the first time the Minnesota Legislature has faced a boycott to prevent a quorum, butĀ similar stalling tacticsĀ have been used elsewhere.
For example, Democrats in neighboring WisconsinĀ went into hiding in 2011Ā in a standoff with majority Republicans overĀ union rightsĀ for public employees. Oregon Republicans staged multiple walkouts in recent years, including aĀ record six-week walkoutĀ in 2023 over bills on abortion, gender-affirming care and gun rights. TheĀ top Democrat in the Michigan House last month ordered absent members back and barred the doors after a Democrat joined Republicans in skipping out.
The high-stakes poker in the Minnesota House contrasts with calm in the state Senate, where Democrats are expected to regain a 34-33 majority after a special election Jan. 28 to fill a vacancy caused by a senatorās death late last month. Unlike the House, the top Senate Democratic and GOP leaders quietly worked out a power-sharing deal Sunday.
Under Minnesota law, the secretary of state calls the House to order at the start of a session, declares whether a quorum is present, and hands over the gavel when a speaker is elected. Itās normally a quick formality.
Democratic Secretary of State Steve Simon told legislative leaders Friday that his reading of the state constitution, statutes and House rules is that 68 members must show up for a quorum. Republicans argue that the vacant seat means a quorum is just 67. But Simon said he has no authority to take further action unless 68 lawmakers are present, so all they could do would be to take attendance and adjourn. He said heāll continue to convene and adjourn the House daily until a quorum is finally present and a speaker is elected so that normal business can begin.
Republican leaders threatened Monday to seek recalls for ānonfeasanceā of any Democratic representatives who arenāt present for the roll call on Tuesday, a cumbersome process that requires state Supreme Court approval.
āWe are committed to holding every legislator accountable,ā state GOP Chairman Alex Plechash told reporters. āIf you donāt show up for the job, you shouldnāt keep it.ā
