Joseph Kabungo was the official FIFA doctor overseeing doping controls of players at the Nigeria-Ghana playoff game in Abuja on Tuesday.
Kabungo became ill soon after the game, which was marred by violent disorder at the final whistle.
Nigeria fans invaded the field after their team’s elimination and police used tear gas but the trouble was not directly linked to the Zambian doctor’s death.
“It is with extreme sadness that FIFA has learnt of the passing of Dr. Joseph Kabungo from sudden cardiac death,” soccer’s governing body said in a statement.